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Proximal diabetic neuropathy
Proximal diabetic neuropathy, also known as lumbosacral radioplexus neurophagy, femoral neurophagy and diabetic amyotrophy, is a nerve disorder that results as a complication of diabetes mellitus. It affects the thighs, hips, buttocks and legs. Proximal diabetic neurophagy is a peripheral nerve disease (diabetic neuropathy) characterized by painful muscle wasting and weakness.〔h-b-f.info. (2012) ''Diabetic proximal neuropathy''. Retrieved March 20, 2012, from http://www.h-b-f.info/diabetes_neuropathy_proximal.htm〕 Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes. It is defined as damage to the nerves that allow you to feel the sensation pain. There are a number of ways that diabetes damages the nerves, all of which seem to be related to increased blood sugar levels over a long period of time. Proximal diabetic neuropathy is one of four types of diabetic neuropathy.〔Nazario, B., Wed MB. (2011). ''Diabetic neuropathy''. Retrieved March 20, 2012, from http://diabetes.webmd.com/diabetes-neuropathy〕
Proximal diabetic neuropathy can occur in type 2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus patients however, it is most commonly found in type 2 diabetes patients.〔National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse (NDIC). (2009, February). ''Diabetic neuropathies: the nerve damage of diabetes''. Retrieved March 20, 2012, from http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/neuropathies/#proximalneuropathy〕 Proximal neuropathy is the second most common type of diabetic neuropathy and can be resolved with time and treatment.〔Walker, K. A. (2011) ''Types of diabetic neuropathy''. Retrieved March 20, 2012, from http://www.endocrineweb.com/guides/diabetic-neuropathy/types-diabetic-neuropathy〕
==Signs & Symptoms==
Symptoms of proximal diabetic neuropathy depend on which nerves are affected. The first symptom is usually pain in the buttocks, hips, thighs or legs. This pain most commonly affects one side of the body and can either start gradually, seemingly minor at first, or can come on all of a sudden. This is followed by intense weakness in the proximal muscles of the lower limbs that can result in patients being unable to go from a sitting to standing position without assistance.〔 This weakness begins unilaterally but can also spread bilaterally.〔
Proximal diabetic neuropathy is often accompanied by polyneuropathy, a malfunction of many peripheral nerves at the same time, and musclefasciculation, small, involuntary muscle twitches or contractions that are visible under the skin.〔〔Rubin, M., & Merck Manual. (2008). ''Polyneuropathy''. Retrieved March 20, 2012, from http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain_spinal_cord_and_nerve_disorders/peripheral_nerve_disorders/polyneuropathy.html〕〔Medicine Net. (2012). ''Defenition of Fasciculation''. Retrieved March 12, 2012, from http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=13290〕
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